Module Content

• Ultrasound artifacts including
  
  • anisotropy
    
  • speed of sound artifacts
    
  • refractile shadowing
    
  • comet tail artifact
    
  • acoustic enhancement
    
  • acoustic shadowing
    
• New technologies including:
  
  • extended field of view imaging
    
  • tissue harmonic imaging
    
  • spatial compound imaging
    
  • 1.5D transducer arrays
    
• Indications for MSK ultrasound including:
  
  • sport injuries
    
  • periarticular masses
    
  • assessment of rheumatologic disorders
    
  • postsurgical joint assessment
    
• Anatomical definitions and conventions including:
  
  • body sections and anatomical planes
    
  • body orientations
    
• Bones of the hand and wrist
  
• The radius and ulna
  
• The elbow joint
  
• The humerus
  
• Tendons of the hand and wrist
  
• Ligaments and tendons of the elbow
  
• Muscles of the anterior forearm including:
  
  • flexors of the forearm
    
  • extensors of the forearm
    
  • rotators of the forearm
    
• Flexors of the wrist, hand and fingers
  
• Extensors of the wrist, hand and fingers
  
• Muscles of the posterior forearm
  
• Patient positioning & examination technique
  
• Normal ultrasound appearances
  
• Hand & wrist pathology including:
  
  • soft tissue tumours of the hand and wrist
    
  • tendon pathology
    
  • De Quervain's disease
    
  • trigger finger (or digit)
    
  • trauma of the tendons and/or ligaments of the hand
    
  • carpal tunnel syndrome
    
• Indications & examination technique for elbow ultrasound including:
  
  • elbow joint effusion
    
  • elbow ganglion
    
  • tennis elbow - lateral epicondylitis
    
  • golfer's elbow - medial epicondylitis
    
  • elbow fracture

• General anatomy of the shoulder including:
  
  • the scapula
    
  • the clavicle
    
  • the shoulder joint
    
  • the rotator cuff
    
• Muscles of the shoulder including;
  
  • flexors of the upper arm
    
  • extensors of the upper arm
    
• Patient positioning
  
• Scanning technique
  
• Indications for shoulder ultrasound including:
  
  • rotator cuff tears
    
  • intra or extra-articular fluid collections
    
  • abnormal contour of the subdeltoid bursae
    
  • elevation of the humeral head
    
  • calcific tendonitis
    
  • biceps tendonitis and tenosynovitis
    
  • dislocation (subluxation) of the biceps tendon
    
  • biceps tendon tears and/or rupture
    
  • SA-SD bursal effusion and/or bursitis
    
  • fracture (Hills Sachs deformity)

• Bones of the lower leg
  
• Bones of the ankle and foot
  
• Muscles that move the ankle, foot, and toes including:
  
  • dorsal flexors of the lower leg
    
  • plantar flexors of the lower leg
    
  • foot invertors
    
  • foot evertors
    
• Ligaments and tendons of the ankle
  
• Indications for ultrasound of the foot and ankle
  
• Patient positioning and examination technique
  
• Normal ultrasound appearances of tendons
  
• Pathology of the ankle and foot including:
  
  • tendon and/or ligament tears
    
  • tendonitis and tenosynovitis
    
  • plantar fasciitis
    
  • joint effusions
    
  • ganglions
    
  • cellulitis
    
  • Morton's neuroma

• Bones of the upper leg
  
• The knee joint
  
• Ligaments of the knee
  
• Muscles that move the lower leg
  
• Muscles that move the upper leg
  
• Ultrasound of the knee
  
• Patient positioning and examination technique including:
  
  • anterior approach
    
  • bursae of the knee
    
  • medial approach
    
  • lateral approach
    
  • posterior approach
    
• Pathology of the knee including:
  
  • knee trauma
    
  • tendon and/or ligament tears
    
  • tendonitis
    
  • bursitis
    
  • meniscal pathology
    
• Ultrasound of the Adult hip
  
• Indications for Adult hip ultrasound
  
• Ultrasound of the infant hip
  
• Indications for infant hip ultrasound
  
• Miscellaneous topics including:
  
  • types of joints
    
  • fibrous joints
    
  • cartilaginous joints
    
  • synovial joints
    
  • the healing process